Zanzibar, unified with Tanganyika in 1964 to form Tanzania, is an archipelago in the Indian Ocean off the coast of of East Africa. Zanzibar consists of several small islands, but the main and most populated island is Unguja (better known simply as Zanzibar), followed by Pemba, which has a less developed tourist infrastructure, and purer beaches, as well as hills, rivers and forests. Zanzibar’s capital city, Zanzibar City, houses Stone Town, the city’s historic quarter and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Zanzibar is perfect for travelers who desire an island atmosphere, complete with perfect beaches and spectacular snorkeling and scuba diving, but with the added weight of a rich and diverse history, apparent when exploring Stone Town’s Arab-influenced architecture and historical palaces, forts, and bazaars. A visit to Pemba’s fragrant clove plantations is also a highlight for those interested in learning about the “Spice Island’s” main export. Fans of the English rock band Queen will appreciate that late lead singer Freddie Mercury is a native of Zanzibar.
As a trading center in the 19th century, Zanzibar has been influenced by the Persians, Arabs, Indians, Portuguese, British and the African mainland. Stroll through Stone Town’s narrow streets and soak in the interesting cultural fusion that pervades. Some landmarks not to miss are the House of Wonders and Persian Steam Baths (built for Sultan Barghash in the late 1800s,) the Anglican Church of Christ, the Livingstone house, and the Arab Fort.
Ideal months to visit Zanzibar are July through October, as there is little rainfall and the air is dry, breezy, and warm. In January through March it is hot and dry. March through June and November through December are the wetter months.
Be aware that in 2007, the holy fasting month of Ramadan falls from Thursday, the 13th of September until Friday, the 12th of October. During this time, drinking, smoking, and eating in public are prohibited. Modest dress (covered shoulders and knees) is also necessary. Some restaurants may be closed during this month and it can be difficult to find food during the day outside of town. Some bars and clubs may also be closed. Ramadan culminates with the celebration of Eid, which lasts four days, during which there is a feeling of revelry as locals dress up, go out, have guests over, give presents, and attend concerts. Note that the dates for Ramadan change every year by approximately 11 days.