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On August 14, 1385, King João I of Portugal and his army met the forces of King John of Castile on a small hill ringed by creeks near Aljubarrota. Despite being outnumbered, the Portuguese routed the Castilians, and King João decided to dedicate a magnificent new Cathedral to honor the Virgin Mary. Thus was created the great Monastery of Santa Maria of Batalha. The town that sprang up around the cathedral came to be known simply as Batalha.
Commissioned in 1385 to celebrate the Portuguese victory over an overwhelming Castilian force at the b...