The deepest canyon in the Americas at 3,535 meters (12,000 ft), the Cotahuasi Canyon is on the rise as a tourist magnet, attracting adventurers form all over the world. The abysses and ravines provide passage for the Cotahuasi River, which begins at the 5,474 meter (17,960 ft) peak of Cerro Supramarca and flows over the spectacular Sipia, a 150 meter (492 feet) high waterfall. This river offers some of the world’s best Class 5 whitewater rafting and kayaking and the same area also offers excellent mountain biking and climbing opportunities.

The Canyon became a National Tourist Reserve in 1988 and is home to both the Solimama and Coropuna volcanoes; the latter, at 6,425 meters (21,000 ft), is the highest in Peru. Within the reserve, one will also discover hanging bridges and historical ruins (including Aymaran mummies), the remains of such previous civilizations as the Waris and the Incas, and glaciers, lakes, medicinal hot springs, and rare flora and fauna. If you’re lucky you may also encounter the locals, whose culture and language has changed little over the years due to their limited contact with the outside world.

The town of Cotahuasi is the usual starting point for trips to the canyon, waterfall and reserve, although tours can also be arranged from Arequipa. Make sure you get a window seat for the twelve-hour bus ride north from Arequipa, as on the way you will pass Umahuarco, the legendary “place of execution.” This is one of the places where the Incas bound their prisoners, Prometheus-like, to precipices and made them available as living prey for hungry condors. Amazingly enough, one can still see the sun-bleached skeletons of their victims.